To review the indications for percutaneous management of RCC. To discuss the available options for percutaneous management, including radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation. To review the current long- and short-term evidence on outcomes and morbidity. To discuss the impact of these technologies on patient management.

Introduction*Current Indications for Percutaneous Approaches to Treatment of RCC*Percutaneous Options in Treating RCC: Cryoablation and Radiofrequency Ablation*Treatment Protocol*Surveillance Protocol*Outcomes Comparison for Specific Indications*Morbidity Comparison for Specific Indications*Implications on Patient Management*Experimental Ablative Technologies

Two options currently exist in the percutaneous, nephron-sparing treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Both are acceptable with respect to early oncologic control, preservation of renal function, and complication rates. Furthermore, they offer short-term outcomes comparable to traditional surgical options in well-selected patients. Long-term results are beginning to emerge, and if ultimately favorable, will likely expand the role of these techniques in treating RCC.